PAGE (Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) buffers are essential consumables used in the electrophoretic separation of proteins and nucleic acids. These buffers maintain the pH and ionic strength necessary for the efficient migration of biomolecules through the polyacrylamide gel during electrophoresis. Commonly used PAGE buffers include Tris-Glycine and Tris-Tricine, each suited for different protein sizes and applications. The buffers help stabilise the gel environment, ensuring consistent separation and resolution of proteins or nucleic acids. Proper use of PAGE buffers is crucial for achieving accurate results in techniques like SDS-PAGE, where proteins are separated based on molecular weight. These buffers are widely used in molecular biology, biochemistry, and proteomics for analysing protein expression, structure, and function.